Cloves
|
The aggregate extent under cloves in the country according to the Census of
Agriculture 2002 was estimated at 4,024 acres or 7,779 hectares which is about
33 percent of total area under EAC cultivation in the Island. Out of the total
extent of 7,778 hectares, 4,024 hectares or about 52% is in Kandy, Matale and N’
Elliya districts. Another 27% or 2,124 hectares of the extent is cultivated in
Kegalle and Ratnapura districts
Out of the total extent of 7,779 hectares, 343 hectares or 4.4% recorded under
estate category. By definition, it is seen that ‘Estates” were treated as some
sort of organized units where the management, crop grown and cultural practices,
equipment used etc. are different from the practices prevailing in small
holdings.
In the instances where it is reported in terms of number of trees, the extent
under crop was estimated on the basis of 245 trees per hectare( 100 trees per
acre) The number of scattered trees reported in the Census of Agriculture 2002
and estimated extent under scattered trees were 1,353,897 trees and 5,483
hectares respectively.
Production
Clove Production Estimates- 2002-2006
| Year |
Production (mt) |
| 2002 |
4660 |
| 2003 |
2920 |
| 2004 |
4008 |
| 2005 |
6080 |
| 2006 |
3575 |
Source: DEA
Out of the total extent of 7,779 hectares, the extent in production was
estimated as 7,000 hectares in the Island. If the average production during the
period 2002-2005 was 4,000 mt. , then the national average yield could be
estimated at 570 kg per hectare.
Clove Exports
| YEAR |
EXPORT |
| Volume (mt) |
Value (Rs.mn.) |
| 1973 – 1982 ( Mean ) |
632.7 |
87.2 |
| 1983 – 1992 ( Mean ) |
847.0 |
139.5 |
| 1993 – 2002 ( Mean ) |
1565.5 |
494.5 |
| 2003 |
1615.7 |
539.7 |
| 2004 |
2978.1 |
1360.0 |
| 2005 |
4282.9 |
1680.2 |
| 2006 |
2435.1 |
1265.4 |
Source: Sri Lanka Customs
Clove Export Trend -1990-2006
According to the above Graph, cardamom export performance growth will be
positive next five years ( 2007-2011)
Table Major Destinations of Cloves from Sri Lanka
|
Country |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
|
|
(Mt.) |
(Mt.) |
(Mt.) |
(Mt.) |
(Mt.) |
(Mt.) |
(Mt.) |
|
Saudi Arabia |
17.0 |
|
|
|
|
12.0 |
|
|
India |
527.4 |
1566.4 |
3186.9 |
1592.9 |
2887.6 |
4086.2 |
2264.4 |
|
U.K |
121.7 |
30.9 |
52.1 |
79.1 |
36.9 |
30.7 |
27.9 |
|
U.A.E |
|
10.0 |
|
|
10.1 |
12.0 |
|
|
Kuwait |
10.5 |
1.0 |
|
6.0 |
6.5 |
4.5 |
12.0 |
|
U.S.A |
30.0 |
21.5 |
22.5 |
8.2 |
18.7 |
48.6 |
32.2 |
|
Maldives Islands |
18.9 |
10.7 |
9.2 |
11.9 |
3.1 |
5.2 |
4.5 |
|
Germany fe.Rep |
11.2 |
1.8 |
6.2 |
19.5 |
0.1 |
2.0 |
3.0 |
|
Jordan |
1.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New Zealand |
|
2.2 |
|
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
Netherlands |
|
|
|
|
|
13.6 |
5.0 |
|
Canada |
3.1 |
2.1 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
|
0.2 |
0.8 |
|
Singapore |
15.0 |
6.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pakistan |
|
|
|
|
|
31.0 |
|
|
France |
51.0 |
22.3 |
59.3 |
6.5 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
|
Japan |
2.6 |
4.0 |
5.7 |
0.9 |
2.6 |
3.9 |
2.9 |
|
Australia |
5.7 |
0.2 |
0.6 |
0.3 |
0.5 |
5.3 |
0.6 |
|
Other Countries |
36.3 |
42.6 |
3.6 |
|
11.9 |
24.3 |
81.2 |
|
Total |
851.4 |
1721.7 |
3346.2 |
1615.7 |
2978.1 |
4282.9 |
2435.1 |
Source: Sri Lanka Customs
Table: Annual Average Farm Gate, Auction & International Prices of Cloves
1995-2006
|
Year |
Farm Gate |
International |
Auction |
|
|
Price Rs/kg |
Growth Rate Pt. to Pt. |
Price Rs/kg |
Growth Rate Pt. to Pt. |
Price Rs/kg |
Growth Rate Pt. to Pt. |
|
|
|
1995 |
52.26 |
|
49.00 |
|
58.02 |
|
|
|
1996 |
52.10 |
-0.3 |
61.07 |
24.6 |
55.20 |
-4.9 |
|
|
1997 |
52.97 |
1.7 |
77.80 |
27.4 |
61.49 |
11.4 |
|
|
1998 |
71.57 |
35.1 |
84.63 |
8.8 |
83.39 |
35.6 |
|
|
1999 |
155.88 |
117.8 |
98.88 |
16.8 |
173.83 |
108.5 |
|
|
2000 |
307.65 |
97.4 |
342.18 |
246.1 |
344.21 |
98.0 |
|
|
2001 |
658.62 |
114.1 |
472.50 |
38.1 |
785.50 |
128.2 |
|
|
2002 |
599.34 |
-9.0 |
463.40 |
-1.9 |
675.13 |
-14.1 |
|
|
2003 |
267.08 |
-55.4 |
176.51 |
-61.9 |
295.02 |
-56.3 |
|
|
2004 |
390.94 |
46.4 |
299.11 |
69.5 |
435.91 |
47.8 |
|
|
2005 |
347.94 |
-11.0 |
317.95 |
6.3 |
372.02 |
-14.7 |
|
|
2006 |
480.53 |
38.1 |
434.38 |
36.6 |
533.14 |
43.3 |
|
|
Source: DEA |
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